mastoid air cell การใช้

• The mastoid air cell system is a major contributor to middle ear inflammatory diseases.
• In these difficult cases the diagnosis of masked mastoiditis can be confirmed or ruled out by the appearance of opaque mastoid air cells on CT cell.
• The antrum communicates behind and below with the mastoid air cells, which vary considerably in number, size, and form; the antrum and mastoid air cells are lined by mucous membrane, continuous with that lining the tympanic cavity.
• The antrum communicates behind and below with the mastoid air cells, which vary considerably in number, size, and form; the antrum and mastoid air cells are lined by mucous membrane, continuous with that lining the tympanic cavity.
• The tympanic antrum is a cavity of some considerable size at the time of birth; the mastoid air cells may be regarded as diverticula from the antrum, and begin to appear at or before birth; by the fifth year they are well-marked, but their development is not completed until toward puberty.
• The pathophysiology of mastoiditis is straightforward : bacteria spread from the middle ear to the mastoid air cells, where the inflammation causes damage to the bony structures . " Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus pyogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, Haemophilus influenzae, " and " Moraxella catarrhalis " are the most common organisms recovered in acute mastoiditis.